Inbred corn line ZS01819

ABSTRACT

Broadly this invention provides inbred corn line ZS01819. The methods for producing a corn plant by crossing the inbred line ZS01819 are encompassed by the invention. Additionally, the invention relates to the various pads of inbred ZS01819 including culturable cells. This invention relates to hybrid corn seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred line ZS01819 with at least one other corn line.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention is in the field of corn breeding, specifically relatingto an inbred corn line designated ZS01819.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The original maize plant was indigenous to the Western Hemisphere. Theplants were weedlike and only through the efforts of early breeders wasa cultivated crop species developed. The physical traits of maize aresuch that self pollination or cross pollination can occur. Each planthas a separate male and female flower, the tassel and ear, respectively.Natural pollination occurs when wind transfers pollen from tassel to thesilks on the corn ears. This type of pollination contributed to the widevariation of maize varieties present in the Western Hemisphere.

The development of a planned breeding program for maize only occurred inthe last century. Originally, maize was an open pollinated varietyhaving heterogeneous genotypes. The maize farmer selected uniform earsfrom the yield of these genotypes and reserved them for planting thenext season. The result was a field of maize plants that weresegregating for a variety of traits. This type of maize selection leadto at most incremental increases in seed yield.

Large increases in seed yield were the result of the development ofhybrid corn varieties in planned breeding programs. Hybrids weredeveloped by selecting corn lines and selfing these lines for severalgenerations to develop homozygous pure inbred lines and crossingselected inbred lines with unrelated inbred lines to produce hybridprogeny (F1). Inbred lines can be difficult to produce since theinbreeding process in corn decreases the vigor. However, when two inbredlines are crossed, the hybrid plant evidences greatly increased vigorcompared to open pollinated segregating maize plants. An importantfactor of the homozygosity and the homogeneity of the inbred lines isthat the hybrid from any cross will always be the same, and can bereproduced.

The ultimate objective of the commercial maize seed companies is toproduce high yielding, agronomically sound plants which perform well incertain regions or areas of the Corn Belt. To produce these types ofhybrids, the companies must develop inbreds which carry needed traitsinto the hybrid combination. Hybrids are not uniformly adapted for theCorn Belt, but are specifically adapted for regions of the Corn Belt.Northern regions of the Corn Belt require shorter season hybrids than dosouthern regions of the Corn Belt. Hybrids that grow well in Coloradoand Nebraska soils may not flourish in rich Illinois soil. Thus, avariety of major agronomic traits are important in hybrid combinationfor the various Corn Belt regions, and have an impact on hybridperformance.

Inbred line development and hybrid testing have been emphasized in thepast half century in commercial maize production as a means to increasehybrid performance. Inbred development is usually done by pedigreeselection. Pedigree selection can be selection in an F₂ populationproduced from a planned cross of two genotypes (often elite inbredlines), or selection of progeny of synthetic varieties, open pollinated,composite, or backcross populations. This type of selection is effectivefor highly inheritable traits, but other traits, for example, yieldrequires replicated test crosses at a variety of stages for accurateselection.

Maize breeders select for a variety of traits in inbreds that impacthybrid performance along with selecting for acceptable parental traits.Such traits include yield potential in hybrid combination; dry down;maturity; grain moisture at harvest; greensnap; resistance to rootlodging; resistance to stalk lodging; grain quality; disease and insectresistance; ear and plant height; performance in different soil typessuch as: low level of organic matter, clay, sand, black, high pH, lowpH; performance in: wet environments, drought environments, and notillage conditions. These traits appear to be governed by a complexgenetic system that makes selection and breeding of an inbred lineextremely difficult. Even if an inbred in hybrid combination hasexcellent yield (a desired characteristic), it may not be useful becauseit fails to have acceptable parental traits such as seed yield, seedsize, pollen production, good silks, plant height, etc.

To illustrate the difficulty of breeding and developing inbred lines,the following example is given. Two inbreds compared for similarity of29 traits differed significantly for 18 traits between the two lines. If18 simply inherited single gene traits were polymorphic with genefrequencies of 0.5 in the parental lines, and assuming independentsegregation (as would essentially be the case if each trait resided on adifferent chromosome arm), then the specific combination of these traitsas embodied in an inbred would only be expected to become fixed at arate of one in 262,144 possible homozygous genetic combinations.Selection of the specific inbred combination is also influenced by thespecific selection environment on many of these 18 traits which makesthe probability of obtaining this one inbred even more remote. Thus, thegeneral procedure of producing a non segregating F₁ generation and selfpollinating to produce a F₂ generation that segregates for traits doesnot easily lead to a useful inbred. Great care and breeder expertisemust be used in selection of breeding material to continue to increaseyield and agronomics of inbreds and resultant commercial hybrids.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an inbred corn line ZS01819.Specifically, this invention relates to plants and seeds of this line.Additionally, this relates to a method of producing hybrid seed cornfrom this inbred. More particularly, this invention relates to theunique combination of traits that combine in corn line ZS01819.

Generally then, broadly the present invention includes an inbred cornseed designated ZS01819. This seed produces a corn plant.

The invention also includes the tissue culture of regenerable cells ofZS01819 wherein the tissue regenerates plants having the genotype ofZS01819. The tissue culture is selected from the group consisting ofleaves, pollen, embryos, roots, root tips, anthers, silk, flowers,kernels, ears, cobs, husks and stalks, and cells and protoplaststhereof. The corn plant regenerated from ZS01819 having ZS01819'sgenotype.

The invention extends to hybrid seed produced by planting, inpollinating proximity, seeds of corn inbred lines ZS01819 and anotherinbred line; cultivating corn plants resulting from said planting;preventing pollen production by the plants of one of the inbred lines;allowing natural cross pollinating to occur between said inbred lines;and harvesting seeds produced on plants of the inbred. The hybrid seedproduced by hybrid combination of plants of inbred corn seed designatedZS01819 and plants of another inbred line. Hybrid plants grown from thishybrid seed.

The invention further includes a method of hybrid F1 production. A firstgeneration (F1) hybrid corn plant produced by the process of planting,in pollinating proximity, seeds of corn inbred lines ZS01819 and anotherinbred line; cultivating corn plants resulting from said planting;preventing pollen production by the plants of one of the inbred lines;allowing natural cross pollinating to occur between said inbred lines;harvesting seeds produced on plants of the inbred; and growing aharvested seed.

A tissue culture of the regenerable cells of hybrid plants produced withuse of ZS01819 genetic material. A tissue culture of the regenerablecells of the corn plant produced by the method described above.

DEFINITIONS

In the description and examples which follow, a number of terms areused. In order to provide a clear and consistent understanding of thespecifications and claims, including the scope to be given such terms,the following definitions are provided.

BL MOIST

The moisture percentage of the grain at black layer, i.e., when 50% ofthe plants per plot have reached physiological maturity.

COLD GERM

Cold Germ is a measurement of seed germination under cold soilconditions. Data is reported as percent of seed germinating.

ECB

European corn borer a maize eating insect. ECBI is the first broodgeneration of European corn borers. ECBII is the second generation ofEuropean corn borers.

EMERGE

The number of emerged plants per plot (planted at the same seedlingrate) collected when plants have two fully developed leaves.

GI

This is a selection index which provides a single quantitative measureof the worth of a hybrid based on four traits. Yield is the primarytrait contributing to index values. The GI value is calculated bycombining stalk lodging, root lodging, yield and dropped ears accordingto the attached mathematical formula:

    GI=100+0.5(YLD)-0.9(%STALK LODGE)-0.9(%ROOT LODGE)-2.7(%DROPPED EAR)

GLS

Gray Leaf Spot (Cercospora Zeae) disease rating. This is rated on a 1-9scale with a "1" being very susceptible, and a "9" being veryresistant.*

GW

Goss' Wilt (Corynebacterium nebraskense). This is rated on a 1-9 scalewith a "1" being very susceptible, and a "9" being very resistant.*

HEATP10

The number of Growing Degree Units (GDU's) or heat units required for aninbred line or hybrid to have approximately 10 percent of the plantsshedding pollen. This trait is measured from the time of planting.Growing Degree Units are calculated by the Barger Method where the GDU'sfor a 24 hour period are: ##EQU1## The highest maximum temperature usedis 86° F. and the lowest minimum temperature used is 50° F. For eachinbred or hybrid it takes a certain number of GDU's to reach variousstages of plant development.

HEATBL

The number of GDU's after planting when approximately 50 percent of theinbred or hybrid plants in a plot have grain which has reachedphysiological maturity (black layer).

HEATPEEK

The number of GDU's after planting of an inbred when approximately 50percent of the plants show visible tassel extension.

HEATP50 or HTP50

The number of GDU's required for an inbred or hybrid to haveapproximately 50 percent of the plants shedding pollen. Growing DegreeUnits are calculated by the Barger Method as shown in the HEATP10definition.

HEATP90

The number of GDU's accumulated from planting when the last 100 percentof plants in an inbred or hybrid are still shedding enough viable pollenfor pollination to occur. Growing Degree Units are calculated by theBarger Method as shown in the HEATP10 definition.

HEATS10

The number of GDU's required for an inbred or hybrid to haveapproximately 10 percent of the plants with silk emergence of at least0.5 inches, Growing Degree Units are calculated by the Barger Method asshown in the HEATP10 definition.

HEATS50 or HTS50

The number of GDU's required for an inbred or hybrid to haveapproximately 50 percent of the plants with silk emergence of at least0.5 inches. Growing Degree Units are calculated by the Barger Method asshown in the HEATP10 definition.

HEATS90

The number of GDU's required for an inbred or hybrid to haveapproximately 90 percent of the plants with silk emergence of at least0.5 inches. Growing Degree Units are calculated by the Barger Method asshown in the HEATP10 definition.

MDMV_(A)

Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus strain A. The corn is rated on a 1-9 scale witha "1" being very susceptible, and a "9" being very resistant.*

MDMV_(B)

Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus strain B. This is rated on a 1-9 scale with a"1" being very susceptible and a "9" being very resistant.*

MOISTURE

The average percentage grain moisture of an inbred or hybrid at harvesttime.

NLB

Northern Leaf Blight (Exserohilum turcicum) disease rating. This israted on a 1-9 scale with a "1" being very susceptible, and a "9" beingvery resistant.*

PCT TILLER

The total number of tillers per plot divided by the total number ofplants per plot.

PLANT

This term includes plant cells, plant protoplasts, plant cell tissuecultures from which corn plants can be regenerated, plant calli, plantclumps, and plant cells that are intact in plants or pads of plants,such as embryos, pollen, flowers, kernels, ears, cobs, leaves, husks,stalks, roots, root tips, anthers, silk and the like.

PLANT HEIGHT

The distance in centimeters from ground level to the base of the tasselpeduncle.

RM

Predicted relative maturity based on the moisture percentage of thegrain at harvest. This rating is based on known set of checks andutilizes standard linear regression analyses and is referred to as theMinnesota Relative Maturity Rating System.

SHED

The volume of pollen shed by the male flower rated on a 1-9 scale wherea "1" is a very light pollen shedder, a "4.5" is a moderate shedder, anda "9" is a very heavy shedder. If the Table(s) 3 have reduced the 1-9shed scale to a 1-3 shed scale then any shed on Table 3 can bemultiplied by 3 to reach the 1-9 shed scale.

SLB

Southern Leaf Blight (Bipolaris maydis) disease rating. This is rated ona 1-9 scale with a "1" being very susceptible, and a "9" being veryresistant.*

TWT

The measure of the weight of grain in pounds for a one bushel volumeadjusted for percent grain moisture.

VIGOR

Visual rating of 1 to 9 made 2-3 weeks post-emergence where a "1"indicates very poor early plant development, and a "9" indicatessuperior plant development.

WARM GERM

A measurement of seed germination under ideal (warm, moist) conditions.Data is reported as percent of seeds germinating.

YIELD (YLD)

Actual yield of grain at harvest adjusted to 15.5% moisture.Measurements are reported in bushels per acre.

% DROPPED EARS (DE)

The number of plants per plot which dropped their primary ear divided bythe total number of plants per plot.

% LRG FLAT

Percentage by weight of shelled corn that passes through a 26/64 inchround screen and a 14/64 inch slot screen, but does not pass through ascreen with 20.5/64 inch round openings.

% LRG ROUND

Percentage by weight of shelled corn that passes through a 26/64 inchround screen, but does not pass through a 14/64 inch slot screen or ascreen with 20.5/64 inch round openings.

% MED FLAT

Percentage by weight of shelled corn that passes through a 20.5/64 inchround screen and a 13/64 inch slotted screen, but does not pass througha screen with 17/64 inch round openings.

% MED ROUND

Percentage by weight of shelled corn that passes through a 20.5/64 inchround screen, but does not pass through a 13/64 inch slot screen or ascreen with 17/64 inch round openings.

% SML FLAT

Percentage by weight of shelled corn that passes through a 17/64 inchround screen and a 12/64 inch slotted screen, but does not pass througha screen with 15/64 inch round openings.

% SML ROUND

Percentage by weight of shelled corn that passes through a 17/64 inchround screen, but does not pass through a 12/64 inch slotted screen or ascreen with 15/64 inch round openings.

% ROOT LODGE (RL)

Percentage of plants per plot leaning more that 30 degrees from verticaldivided by total plants per plot.

% STALK LODGE (SL)

Percentage of plants per plot with the stalk broken below the primaryear node divided by the total plants per plot.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

ZS01819 can be used as a female or a male line due to its pollen shedand seed production abilities. This ZS01819 line evidences averagegeneral combining ability . This line makes robust hybrids withexcellent grain quality.

The inbred has shown uniformity and stability within the limits ofenvironmental influence for all the traits as described in the VarietyDescription Information (Table 1) that follows. Most of the data in theVariety Description information was collected at Slater, Iowa.

The inbred has been self-pollinated for a sufficient number ofgenerations to give inbred uniformity. During plant selection in eachgeneration, the uniformity of plant type was selected to ensurehomozygosity and phenotypic stability. The line has been increased inisolated farmland environments with data on uniformity and agronomictraits being observed to assure uniformity and stability. No varianttraits have been observed or are expected in ZS01819.

The best method of producing the invention, ZS01819 which issubstantially homozygous, is by planting the seed of ZS01819 which issubstantially homozygous and self-pollinating or sib pollinating theresultant plant in an isolated environment, and harvesting the resultantseed or the resultant pollen.

                                      TABLE 1                                     __________________________________________________________________________    ZS01819                                                                       VARIETY DESCRIPTION INFORMATION                                               __________________________________________________________________________    #1      Type: Dent                                                            #2      Region Best Adapted: Central corn belt - east to west GRM of                  103-112 maturity range                                                1995 PROJECT MO PVP TRAITS                                                    INBRED ZS01819                                                                                      N MEAN                                                                              STD.                                                                             T-STAT                                                                             PROB                                                                              95% CI                                __________________________________________________________________________    EAR HEIGHT (CM)       15                                                                              38.67                                                                             5.09                                                                             29.40                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (36.09, 41.24)                        LENGTH OF PRIMARY EAR LEAF (CM)                                                                     15                                                                              69.80                                                                             3.28                                                                             82.48                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (68.14, 71.46)                        WIDTH OF PRIMARY EAR LEAF (CM)                                                                      15                                                                              8.57                                                                              0.51                                                                             64.86                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (8.31, 8.83)                          TOP EAR INTERNODE (CM)                                                                              15                                                                              10.64                                                                             0.99                                                                             41.79                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (10.14, 11.14)                        DEGREE OF LEAF ANGLE  15                                                                              16.47                                                                             2.39                                                                             26.72                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (15.26, 17.67)                        # OF EARS PER PLANT   15                                                                              1.67                                                                              0.72                                                                             8.92 0.0000                                                                            (1.30, 2.03)                          # OF LEAVES ABOVE TOP EAR                                                                           15                                                                              5.13                                                                              0.52                                                                             38.50                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (4.87, 5.39)                          # OF PRIMARY LATERAL TASSEL BRANCHES                                                                15                                                                              4.53                                                                              1.60                                                                             10.99                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (3.72, 5.34)                          PLANT HEIGHT (CM)     15                                                                              112.5                                                                             3.80                                                                             114.8                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (110.6, 114.5)                        TASSEL LENGTH (CM)    15                                                                              37.80                                                                             3.14                                                                             46.56                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (36.21, 39.39)                        TASSEL BRANCH ANGLE   15                                                                              43.00                                                                             12.93                                                                            12.88                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (36.46, 49.54)                        # OF TILLER PER PLANTS                                                                              15                                                                              0.00                                                                              0.00        (0.00, 0.00)                          WEIGHT PER 100 KERNELS (GM)                                                                         15                                                                              19.31                                                                             2.41                                                                             31.04                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (18.09, 20.53)                        EAR LENGTH (CM)       15                                                                              15.40                                                                             0.83                                                                             72.03                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (14.98, 15.82)                        EAR WEIGHT (GM)       15                                                                              71.47                                                                             10.74                                                                            25.76                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (66.03, 76.90)                        # OF KERNEL ROWS      15                                                                              12.67                                                                             1.23                                                                             39.74                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (12.04, 13.29)                        COB DIAMETER AT MID-POINT (MM)                                                                      15                                                                              20.60                                                                             0.63                                                                             126.1                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (20.28, 20.92)                        EAR DIAMETER AT MID-POINT (MM)                                                                      15                                                                              33.67                                                                             1.18                                                                             111.0                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (33.07, 34.26)                        KERNEL LENGTH (MM)    15                                                                              9.87                                                                              0.64                                                                             59.71                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (9.54, 10.19)                         KERNEL THICKNESS (MM) 15                                                                              4.87                                                                              0.64                                                                             29.45                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (4.54, 5.19)                          KERNEL WIDTH (MM)     15                                                                              7.13                                                                              0.99                                                                             27.89                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (6.63, 7.63)                          % ROUND KERNELS (SHAPE GRADE)                                                                       15                                                                              23.47                                                                             6.49                                                                             14.00                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (20.18, 26.75)                        SHANK LENGTH          15                                                                              11.73                                                                             2.34                                                                             19.39                                                                              0.0000                                                                            (10.55, 12.92)                        __________________________________________________________________________    INBRED MO:ZS01819                                                             __________________________________________________________________________    #3 MATURITY                                                                   DAYS                                                                              HEATUNITS                                                                 __________________________________________________________________________    61  1481   FROM PLANTING TO 50% OF PLANTS IN SILK                             61  1481   FROM PLANTING TO 50% OF PLANTS IN POLLEN                           9          FROM 10% TO 90% POLLEN SHED                                        __________________________________________________________________________    #4 PLANT                                                                      DATA                                                                          __________________________________________________________________________    2     ANTHOCYANIN OF BRACE ROOTS: 1 = ABSENT 2 = FAINT 3 = MODERATE 4 =             DARK                                                                    __________________________________________________________________________    #5 LEAF                                                                       COLOR/                                                                        DATA                                                                          __________________________________________________________________________    4/VERY D.                                                                           GREENLEAF COLOR **MUNSELL CODE-7.5GY 3/3                                8     LEAF SHEATH PUBESCENCE (1 = NONE TO 9 = PEACH FUZZ)                     3     MARGINAL WAVES (1 = NONE TO 9 = MANY)                                   7     LONGITUDINAL CREASES (1 = NONE TO 9 = MANY)                             __________________________________________________________________________    #6 TASSEL                                                                     COLOR/                                                                        DATA                                                                          __________________________________________________________________________    7     POLLEN SHED (0 = STERILE TO 9 = HEAVY SHEDDER)                          1/LIGHT                                                                             ANTHER COLOR **MUNSELL CODE-2.5GY 8/8                                   GREEN                                                                         1/LIGHT                                                                             GLUME COLOR **MUNSELL CODE 2.5GY 8/6                                    GREEN                                                                         1     BAR GLUME: 1 = ABSENT 2 = PRESENT                                       __________________________________________________________________________    #7A EAR (UNHUSKED DATA)                                                       COLOR/                                                                        DATA                                                                          __________________________________________________________________________    1/LIGHT                                                                             SILK COLOR (3 DAYS AFTER EMERGE) **MUNSELL CODE 2.5GY 8/8               GREEN                                                                         2/MEDIUM                                                                            FRESH HUSK (25 DAYS AFTER 50% SILK) **MUNSELL CODE-5GY 5/6              GREEN                                                                         22/TAN                                                                              DRY HUSK COLOR (65 DAYS AFTER 50% SILK **MUNSELL CODE -2.5Y 7/6         1     POSITION OF EAR AT DRY HUSK: 1 = UPRIGHT 2 = HORIZONTAL 3 =                   PENDENT                                                                 2     HUSK TIGHTNESS (1 = VERY LOOSE TO 9 = VERY TIGHT)                       2     HUSK EXTENSION AT HARVEST: 1 = EXPOSED EAR 2 = 8 CM 3 = 8-10 CM 4 =           >10 CM                                                                  __________________________________________________________________________    #7B EAR (HUSKED DATA)                                                         DATA                                                                          __________________________________________________________________________    2     KERNEL ROWS: 1 = INDISTINCT 2 = DISTINCT                                2     ROW ALIGNMENT: 1 = STRAIT 2 = SLIGHT CURVE 3 = SPIRAL                   2     EAR TAPPER: 1 = STRAIT 2 = AVERAGE 3 = EXTREME                          __________________________________________________________________________    #8 KERNEL (DRY)                                                               COLOR/                                                                        DATA                                                                          __________________________________________________________________________    1     ALEURONE COLOR PATTERN: 1 = HOMO 2 = SEG                                19/WHITE                                                                            ALEURONE COLOR **MUNSELL CODE-5Y 8/2                                    19/WHITE                                                                            HARD ENDOSPERM COLOR **MUNSELL CODE-5Y 8/2                              3     ENDOSPERM TYPE                                                          19/WHITE                                                                            CROWN COLOR **MUNSELL CODE-5Y 8/2                                       __________________________________________________________________________    #9 COB                                                                        COLOR                                                                         __________________________________________________________________________    19/WHITE                                                                            COB COLOR **MUNSELL CODE-5Y 8/2                                         __________________________________________________________________________             #11 DISEASE RESISTANCE -                                                                     Northern leaf blight = 4.5                                                    NLSr2* = 4.5                                                                  Gray leaf spot = 6                                                            Eye = 8.5                                                                     GW = 6                                                                        MDMVB = 1                                             #12 There is no comparable data for ZS01819 with its white grain parent.      However, ZS01819 can be compared with B73 (a commercially available           inbred                                                                        from Iowa State), and PHP #8300148 and ZS0441 PVP-9200038.                    __________________________________________________________________________     *Northern Leaf Spot Race Two                                                  The Munsell code is a reference book of color which is known and used in      the industry and by persons with ordinary skill in the art of plant           breeding.                                                                     The purity and homozygosity of inbred ZS01819 is constantly being tracked     using isozyme genotypes as shown in Table 2.                             

Isozyme Genotypes for ZS01819

Isozyme data were generated for inbred corn line ZS01819 according toprocedures known and published in the art. The data in Table 2 gives theelectrophoresis data on ZS01819.

                                      TABLE 2                                     __________________________________________________________________________    ELECTROPHORESIS RESULTS FOR ZS01819                                           INBRED                                                                             ACP1                                                                              ACP4                                                                              ADH                                                                              MDH1                                                                              MDH2                                                                              PGD1                                                                              PGD2                                                                              PH1                                                                              PGM                                                                              IDH2                                    __________________________________________________________________________    ZS01819                                                                            33  22  22 22  11  11  22  22 22 22                                      __________________________________________________________________________

Inbred and Hybrid Performance of ZS01819

The traits and characteristics of inbred corn line ZS01819 are listed tocompare with other inbreds and/or in hybrid combination. ZS01819 datashows the characteristics and traits of importance, giving a snapshot ofZS01819.

Table 3A shows a comparison between ZS01819 and B73. ZS01819 hassignificantly higher seedling vigor than does B73. ZS01819 has slightlylower yield and significantly lower grain moisture at harvest than doesB73. ZS01819 flowers significantly earlier than its parent across allpollination and silking data. ZS01819 reaches heat peek withsignificantly fewer heat units than does B73. ZS01819 has significantlyhigher germination under cold testing conditions than does B73.

                                      TABLE 3A                                    __________________________________________________________________________    PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA                                                 __________________________________________________________________________                          PCT  PLANT                                                                              EAR         EAR   PCT                         YEAR  INBRED                                                                             VIGOR EMERGE                                                                             TILLER                                                                             HEIGHT                                                                             HEIGHT                                                                             SHED   QUALITY                                                                             BARREN                      __________________________________________________________________________    OVERALL                                                                             ZS01819                                                                            6.7   86.2      138.2                                                                              60.2 6.9                                            B73  5.6   85.6      182.7                                                                              95.1 7.9                                            # EXPTS                                                                            7     7         7    7    7                                              DIFF 1.1   0.6       44.4 34.8 1.0                                            PROB 0.057***                                                                            0.805     0.000*                                                                             0.000*                                                                             0.086***                                 __________________________________________________________________________    YEAR  INBRED                                                                             HEATP10                                                                             HEATP50                                                                            HEATP90                                                                            HEATS10                                                                            HEATS50                                                                            HEATS90                                  __________________________________________________________________________    OVERALL                                                                             ZS01819                                                                            1432  1483 1574 1406 1444 1483                                           B73  1519  1561 1649 1553 1591 1624                                           # EXPTS                                                                            7     7    7    7    7    7                                              DIFF 88    78   75   147  147  141                                            PROB 0.002*                                                                              0.001*                                                                             0.007*                                                                             0.000*                                                                             0.000*                                                                             0.000*                                   __________________________________________________________________________                          BL   % ROOT                                                                             % STALK                                                                            % DROPPED                                YEAR  INBRED                                                                             HEATPEEK                                                                            HEATBL                                                                             MOIST                                                                              LODGE                                                                              LODGE                                                                              EARS   MOISTURE                                                                            YIELD                       __________________________________________________________________________    OVERALL                                                                             ZS01819                                                                            1382  2398 31.0                  11.7  77.0                              B73  1467  2652 29.5                  14.3  80.8                              # EXPTS                                                                            7     1    1                     7     7                                 DIFF 85    253  1.5                   2.6   3.8                               PROB 0.001*                           0.028**                           __________________________________________________________________________               WARM  COLD % LRG                                                                              % LRG                                                                              % MED                                                                              % MED  % SML % SML                       YEAR  INBRED                                                                             GERM  GERM ROUND                                                                              FLAT ROUND                                                                              FLAT   ROUND FLAT                        __________________________________________________________________________    OVERALL                                                                             ZS01819                                                                            97.6  94.4 2.4  4.1  23.1 42.5   8.8   13.5                              B73  96.9  86.9 4.9  5.7  30.5 40.4   8.6   8.0                               # EXPTS                                                                            7     7    7    7    7    7      7     7                                 DIFF 0.7   7.5  2.4  1.5  7.4  2.1    0.1   5.6                               PROB 0.474 0.020**                                                                            0.091***                                                                           0.339                                                                              0.070***                                      __________________________________________________________________________

Table 3B compares ZS01819 with PVP#8300148. ZS01819 has slightly loweryield and has lower grain moisture at harvest than does PVP#8300148.ZS01819 has slightly more seedling vigor and is a shorter plant withlower ear placement than is inbred PVP#8300148. ZS01819 hassignificantly higher warm germination results in testing than doesPVP#8300148. ZS01819 and PVP#8300148 flower at significantly differentnumbers of heat units. ZS01819 flowers earlier and reaches black layerand HeatPEEK significantly earlier.

                                      TABLE 3B                                    __________________________________________________________________________    PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA                                                 __________________________________________________________________________                            PCT  PLANT                                                                              EAR         EAR   PCT                       YEAR  INBRED VIGOR EMERGE                                                                             TILLER                                                                             HEIGHT                                                                             HEIGHT                                                                             SHED   QUALITY                                                                             BARREN                    __________________________________________________________________________    OVERALL                                                                             ZS01819                                                                              6.7   86.2      138.2                                                                              60.2 6.9                                          PVP #8300148                                                                         6.6   83.0      167.8                                                                              72.8 6.7                                          # EXPTS                                                                              7     7         7    7    7                                            DIFF   1.1   3.2       29.6 12.5 0.1                                          PROB   0.895 0.674     0.002*                                                                             0.012**                                                                            0.829                                  __________________________________________________________________________    YEAR  INBRED HEATP10                                                                             HEATP50                                                                            HEATP90                                                                            HEATS10                                                                            HEATS50                                                                            HEATS90                                __________________________________________________________________________    OVERALL                                                                             ZS01819                                                                              1432  1483 1574 1406 1444 1483                                         PVP #8300148                                                                         1496  1538 1609 1491 1512 1549                                         # EXPTS                                                                              7     7    7    7    7    7                                            DIFF   64    55   35   84   68   67                                           PROB   0.009*                                                                              0.008*                                                                             0.095***                                                                           0.003*                                                                             0.004*                                                                             0.001*                                 __________________________________________________________________________                            BL   % ROOT                                                                             % STALK                                                                            % DROPPED                              YEAR  INBRED HEATPEEK                                                                            HEATBL                                                                             MOIST                                                                              LODGE                                                                              LODGE                                                                              EARS   MOISTURE                                                                            YIELD                     __________________________________________________________________________    OVERALL                                                                             ZS01819                                                                              1382  2398 31.0                  11.7  77.0                            PVP #8300148                                                                         1416  2630 28.0                  13.2  98.6                            # EXPTS                                                                              7     1    1                     7     7                               DIFF   35    231  3.0                   1.5   21.6                            PROB   0.032**                          0.122                           __________________________________________________________________________                 WARM  COLD % LRG                                                                              % LRG                                                                              % MED                                                                              % MED  % SML % SML                     YEAR  INBRED GERM  GERM ROUND                                                                              FLAT ROUND                                                                              FLAT   ROUND FLAT                      __________________________________________________________________________    OVERALL                                                                             ZS01819                                                                              97.6  94.4 2.4  4.1  23.1 42.5   8.8   13.5                            PVP #8300148                                                                         97.0  88.6 5.9  11.6 24.4 45.3   5.0   5.8                             # EXPTS                                                                              7     7    7    7    7    7      7     7                               DIFF   0.6   5.9  3.4  7.5  1.3  2.8    3.8   7.8                             PROB   0.431 0.077***                                                                           0.003*                                                                             0.016**                                                                            0.652                                       __________________________________________________________________________

Table 3C is an inbred comparison between ZS01819 and ZS0441. ZS01819 hassignificantly better pollen shed than does ZS0441 as well as havingbetter emergence of plants. ZS01819 is a significantly shorter plantwith significantly lower ear placement than ZS0441. ZS01819 reaches allthree rated levels of pollination (HeatP10-90) significantly earlierthan does ZS0441. ZS01819 has lower grain moisture at harvest andslightly lower yield than ZS0441. ZS01819 has significantly better coldand warm germination than does ZS0441.

                                      TABLE 3C                                    __________________________________________________________________________    PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA                                                 __________________________________________________________________________                          PCT  PLANT                                                                              EAR         EAR   PCT                         YEAR  INBRED                                                                             VIGOR EMERGE                                                                             TILLER                                                                             HEIGHT                                                                             HEIGHT                                                                             SHED   QUALITY                                                                             BARREN                      __________________________________________________________________________    OVERALL                                                                             ZS01819                                                                            6.4   85.7      132.1                                                                              57.4 6.6                                            ZS0441                                                                             6.4   84.9      161.8                                                                              67.1 6.0                                            # EXPTS                                                                            22    22        22   22   18                                             DIFF 0.0   0.8       29.6 9.7  0.6                                            PROB 0.902 0.723     0.000*                                                                             0.000*                                                                             0.052***                                 __________________________________________________________________________    YEAR  INBRED                                                                             HEATP10                                                                             HEATP50                                                                            HEATP90                                                                            HEATS10                                                                            HEATS50                                                                            HEATS90                                  __________________________________________________________________________    OVERALL                                                                             ZS01819                                                                            1411  1460 1583 1394 1430 1464                                           ZS0441                                                                             1457  1504 1620 1466 1518 1577                                           # EXPTS                                                                            18    18   18   18   18   18                                             DIFF 45    44   38   73   88   113                                            PROB 0.000*                                                                              0.000*                                                                             0.004*                                                                             0.000*                                                                             0.000*                                                                             0.000*                                   __________________________________________________________________________                          BL   % ROOT                                                                             % STALK                                                                            % DROPPED                                YEAR  INBRED                                                                             HEATPEEK                                                                            HEATBL                                                                             MOIST                                                                              LODGE                                                                              LODGE                                                                              EARS   MOISTURE                                                                            YIELD                       __________________________________________________________________________    OVERALL                                                                             ZS01819                                                                            1365  2449 31.0                  13.0  73.4                              ZS0441                                                                             1378  2636 27.5                  13.4  77.3                              # EXPTS                                                                            18    3    1                     22    22                                DIFF 14    187  3.5                   0.4   3.9                               PROB 0.065***                                                                            0.062***                   0.559                             __________________________________________________________________________               WARM  COLD % LRG                                                                              % LRG                                                                              % MED                                                                              % MED  % SML % SML                       YEAR  INBRED                                                                             GERM  GERM ROUND                                                                              FLAT ROUND                                                                              FLAT   ROUND FLAT                        __________________________________________________________________________    OVERALL                                                                             ZS01819                                                                            96.5  90.2 2.1  3.4  21.1 41.3   9.5   16.1                              ZS0441                                                                             94.4  82.0 15.7 27.9 23.7 27.5   2.8   1.4                               # EXPTS                                                                            19    19   20   20   20   20     20    20                                DIFF 2.1   8.2  13.6 24.5 2.6  13.8   6.7   14.7                              PROB 0.008*                                                                              0.002*                                                                             0.000*                                                                             0.000*                                                                             0.154                                         __________________________________________________________________________

Table 4 shows the GCA (general combining ability) estimates of ZS01819compared with the GCA estimates of the other inbreds. The estimates showthe general combining ability is weighted by the number ofexperiment/location combinations in which the specific hybridcombination occurs. The interpretation of the data for all traits isthat a positive comparison is a practical advantage. A negativecomparison is a practical disadvantage. The general combining ability ofan inbred is clearly evidenced by the results of the general combiningability estimates. This data compares the inbred parent in a number ofhybrid combinations to a group of "checks". The check data is from othercompanies' hybrids, particularly the leader in the industry and ICISeeds' commercial products and pre-commercial hybrids which were grownin the same sets and locations.

Table 4A shows ZS01819 crossed to 78 different inbreds. ZS01819 inhybrid combination shows an advantage of 2.2 for moisture and anadvantage for yield by moisture. ZS01819 has a disadvantage for yield.ZS01819 has less tendency to have stalk lodging and root lodging thanthe checks. Clearly, ZS01819 shows a weakness in yield but excellentother overall traits.

                                      TABLE 4A                                    __________________________________________________________________________    ENT      N93                                                                              N94                                                                              N95                                                                              N FI YM GI I  YLD MST                                                                              % SL                                                                              % RL                                                                              % DE                                                                              TWT  POP RM                __________________________________________________________________________    ZS01819                                                                            XR =                                                                              27 14 37 78                                                                              3.2                                                                              0.0                                                                              -1.9                                                                             -1.8                                                                             -11.3                                                                             2.2                                                                              1.0 2.9 0.1 1.2  -100                                                                              117                    XH =         5 -0.4                                                                             -0.3                                                                             -6.9                                                                             -4.0                                                                             -21.7                                                                             2.8                                                                              0.8 3.3 0.1 1.9  -21 119                    XT =         2 5.5                                                                              0.1                                                                              2.1                                                                              0.6                                                                              -4.2                                                                              1.5                                                                              1.2 3.0 0.1 1.1  -201                                                                              117               __________________________________________________________________________     XR = GCA ESTIMATE: WEIGHTED BY EXPT                                           XH = GCA ESTIMATE: WEIGHTED BY PARENT2                                        XT = SAME AS XH, BUT USING ONLY THOSE PARENT2 WITH TWO YEARS OF DATA     

The yield response of ZS01819 in hybrid combination in comparison withthe plants in the environment around it at the same location isadequate. ZS01819 in hybrid combination does not yield well in lowyielding environments. In medium yield environments, the ZS01819 hybridyields adequately compared to the competition. In high yieldingenvironments, the ZS01819 hybrid tends to show less aggressive yieldscompared to the environment. ZS01819 hybrids yield best in highfertility irrigated soils.

Table 5 shows in positive numbers the advantage the ZS01819 hybrid hasover three commercially available hybrids. ZS01819 hybrid compares thefavorable with all three. The competitor is the industry's leaders whitehybrid. ZS01819 in hybrid comparison has better yield results and lowermoisture and less dropped ears than the competitor. ZS01819 in hybridcombination shows a yield loss to 8320W and 8317W but carries asignificant moisture difference into the hybrid combination.

                                      TABLE 5                                     __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID SUMMARY                                                                ZS01819/INBRED                                                                PERFORMANCE DATA                                                              HYBRID   N FI GI YLD                                                                              MST                                                                              % SL                                                                             % RL                                                                             % DE                                                                              TWT                                          __________________________________________________________________________    RE                                                                              COMPETITOR                                                                           7 -1.0                                                                             -1.0                                                                             0.7                                                                              0.1                                                                              -1.4                                                                             0.2                                                                              0.0 -0.4                                         RE                                                                              8320W  7 10 0  -5.9                                                                             4.3*                                                                             3.1                                                                              0.4                                                                              0.1 -1.2                                         RE                                                                              8317W  7 12 -1 -11.7                                                                            5.8*                                                                             4.7                                                                              0.5                                                                              0.2 0.8                                          __________________________________________________________________________     *significant difference at the 0.1 level                                 

Table 6 shows the entomology strengths and weakness of the presentinbred.

                  TABLE 6                                                         ______________________________________                                                                    EAR     PLANT                                             ECB1      ECB2      DAMAGE  INTEGRITY                                 INBRED  RATING    RATING    RATING  RATING                                    ______________________________________                                        ZS01819 3.8       3.4       1.8     5.6                                       ______________________________________                                    

Inbred ZS01819 has excellent grain quality characteristics that itbrings to its hybrid combination. As a female, ZS01819 has average yieldpotential but does carry good heat and drought tolerance. In addition,ZS01819 evidences excellent late season plant integrity. In lowpopulations, the female tillers but this is avoided in higherpopulations.

This is an excellent white corn line which is a true mid-season hybrid.The ZS01819 hybrid tends to carry excellent dry down characteristicsinto its hybrids.

The foregoing is set forth by way of example and is not intended tolimit the scope of the invention.

This invention also is directed to methods for producing a corn plant bycrossing a first parent corn plant with a second parent corn plantwherein the first or second parent corn plant is an inbred corn plantfrom the line ZS01819. Further, both first and second parent corn plantscan come from the inbred corn line ZS01819. A variety of breedingmethods can be selected depending on the mode of reproduction, thetrait, the condition of the germplasm. Thus, any such methods using theinbred corn line ZS01819 are part of this invention: selfing,backcrosses, hybrid production, crosses to populations, haploid andanther culturing and the like.

Various culturing techniques known to those skilled in the art, such ashaploid, transformation, and a host of other conventional andunconventional methods are within the scope of the invention. All plantsand plant cells produced using inbred corn line ZS01819 are within thescope of this invention. The invention encompasses the inbred corn lineused in crosses with other, different, corn inbreds to produce (F1) cornhybrid seeds and plants with the characteristics that make good hybrids.This invention includes cells which upon growth and differentiationproduce corn plants having the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics of the inbred line ZS01819.

Duncan, from at least 1985-1988 produced literature on plantregeneration from callus. Both inbred and hybrid callus have resulted inregenerated plants at excellent efficiency rates. Somatic embryogenesishas been performed on various maize tissue such as glume which beforethe 1980's was considered unusable for this purpose. The prior artclearly teaches the regeneration of plants from various maize tissues.

European Patent Application, publication 160,390, describes tissueculture of corn which can be used by those skilled in the art. Corntissue culture procedures are also described in the literature as earlyas 1982.

A deposit of at least 2500 seeds of the inbred seed of this invention ismaintained by ICI Seeds, 2369 330th Street, Slater, Iowa 50244. Accessto this deposit will be available during the pendency of thisapplication to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and personsdetermined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. TheApplicant made a deposit on Jun. 11, 1997, of at least 2500 seeds ofInbred Corn Line ZS01819 with the American Type Culture Collection(ATCC), located at 12301 Parklawn Drive, Rockville, Md. 20852. The ATCCaccession number is 209117. Additionally the Applicant has satisfied allof the requirements of C.F.R.§1.801-1.809, including providing anindication of the viability of the sample. The ATCC deposit will bemaintained in that depository, which is a public depository, for aperiod of 30 years, or 5 years after the last request, or for theeffective life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replacedif it becomes nonviable during that period.

Inbreds designated MBS are available from Mike Brayton Seed in Iowa.Inbreds designated SGI are available from Seed Genetic Inc. in NewJersey. Information on some ZS designations may be available from thePVP office.

Accordingly, the present invention has been described with some degreeof particularity directed to the preferred embodiment of the presentinvention. It should be appreciated, though, that the present inventionis defined by the following claims construed in light of the prior artso that modifications or changes may be made to the preferred embodimentof the present invention without departing from the inventive conceptscontained herein.

We claim:
 1. Inbred corn seed designated ZS01819, some of said seeddeposited in the ATCC and carry accession number
 209117. 2. A corn plantproduced by the seed of claim
 1. 3. A tissue culture of regenerablecells of ZS01819 of claim 1 wherein the cells of the tissue cultureregenerate plants having the genotype of ZS01819.
 4. A tissue cultureaccording to claim 3, the tissue culture selected from the groupconsisting of leaves, pollen, embryos, roots, root tips, anthers, silk,flowers, kernels, ears, cobs, husks and stalks, and cells andprotoplasts thereof.
 5. A corn plant having the genotype of ZS01819regenerated from the cells of the tissue culture of claim
 3. 6. Hybridseed produced by:(a) planting, in pollinating proximity, seeds accordingto claim 1 of corn inbred lines ZS01819 and another inbred line, one ofsaid inbred lines not releasing pollen; (b) cultivating corn plantsresulting from said planting; (c) allowing natural cross pollinating tooccur between said inbred lines; and (d) harvesting seeds produced onthe non pollen releasing inbred.
 7. Hybrid seed produced by hybridcombination of plants of inbred corn seed designated ZS01819 in claim 1and plants of another inbred line.
 8. Hybrid plants grown from seed ofclaim
 7. 9. A first generation (F1) hybrid corn plant produced by usingZS01819 according to claim 1 the process of:(a) planting, in pollinatingproximity, seeds of corn inbred lines ZS01819 and another inbred line;(b) cultivating corn plants resulting from said planting; (c) preventingpollen production by the plants of one of the inbred lines; (d) allowingnatural cross pollinating to occur between said inbred lines; (e)harvesting seeds produced on plants of the inbred line of step (c); and(f) growing a harvested seed of step (e).
 10. A tissue culture of theregenerable cells of the corn plant of claim
 8. 11. A tissue culture ofthe regenerable cells of the corn plant of claim 9.